Discard the polar i. Plus anything else that might be oil-soluble. So you reverse the process, by adding an acid until the free base turns into an acid salt, and precipitates out of the nonpolar layer. Add water, shake, and you can discard your nonpolar layer.
This is the acid-base extraction, and it's very frequently used to extract the active ingredients from plants free clue: the THC in marijuana is not an alkaloid and thus won't extract this way.
So how do we apply this to DXM? Furthermore, this procedure even works for DXM plus guaifenesin syrups, e. The final product ends up dissolved in an organic solvent, which is then evaporated to leave DXM free base. I have added a new set of steps to this process to help to remove some of the gunk that can end up in the final product.
These steps are in italics and may be omitted if desired. Decongestants and antihistamines are usually alkaloids and will end up in the final product; as for acetaminophen, I'm not convinced yet of the safety of the final product. For this procedure you will need: Cough syrup obviously or some other DXM-containing preparation. The only active ingredients that should be listed are dextromethorphan and guaifenesin. Avoid alcohol. Two plastic two-liter bottles, washed and with the label removed.
Of course, you can use flasks if you have them. A glass container to make your sodium hydroxide solution in a mason jar works; you can also use a drinking glass.
Two plastic bags with a slide-lock closure e. The plastic bags should be non-pleated. They will be used as separatory funnels. A nonpolar solvent. The easiest to get is ZippoTM lighter fluid or an equivalent - note that this is cigarette lighter fluid, not charcoal lighter fluid. You want your solvent to evaporate quickly, leaving no residue. The easiest way to test it is by placing a drop or two onto a pocket mirror, and letting it evaporate; if it leaves no residue or smell, you can use it.
Sodium hydroxide NaOH. Photography supply stores carry this. I do not advise this! Lye is likely to be impure. If you must use lye, make sure you let your sodium hydroxide solution settle see below. Note that sodium hydroxide is caustic and severely damaging to the eyes, so wear your safety goggles!
A heat-resistant glass baking dish smaller is better. Distilled water tap water won't work as well due to the chlorine and dissolved ions. A pair of scissors Access to the outdoors. To speed up the process from overnight to about 30 minutes , you will have to evaporate the solvent with heating. For this you will require: An electric wok or skillet, or a hot plate with a pot of water on it. Basically, you want a flameless electric source of heat that will heat up a volume of water, which you can put your baking dish in the hot water will heat the baking dish.
Some warnings about organic vapors. The solvents you will in all likelihood be dealing with hexane, heptane, petroleum ether, whatever are bad for you. Really bad for you -- they can give you brain damage if you inhale too much of them. You do NOT want to breathe the fumes.
Get it? Sure, it's uncomfortable and looks dorky. But it sure beats brain damage! Additionally, you absolutely mustdo the evaporation outdoors unless you happen to have a fume cabinet handy. A brief word or two about sodium hydroxide: it's caustic, especially to the eyes, and when you add it to water it will heat up.
Always add the sodium hydroxide to the water, and not vice versa. If you get it on your skin, wash it off with water it won't eat through your hand unless you let it sit there. If you can't find sodium hydroxide at your local photo store, go get a photography magazine and look in the back for mail order suppliers. Many of them carry sodium hydroxide. It is a very common chemical and ordering it isn't going to bring the DEA knocking down your door.
Please try to avoid using lye. If you still can't get sodium hydroxide, use the Agent Lemon process. Okay, here we go: 1. Form a solution of sodium hydroxide NaOH by placing one tablespoon 15ml of solid sodium hydroxide in one cup about ml of distilled water in the sodium hydroxide solution container.
Stir until dissolved. If you are using lye I don't recommend it , wait awhile to let any impurities settle out to the bottom. Note that dissolving the NaOH will generate some heat. Empty your cough syrup or formula into the two-liter, rinsing the last of the cough syrup out of the syrup bottles with distilled water.
If using gelcaps, break them open and rinse out the inside of the capsules. The following steps in italics are suggested for removing some of the gunk that can make it through the extraction and leave you with a sticky residue instead of crystalline DXM. Cap the two-liter bottle and shake the living hell out of it for at least five minutes. Let it sit undisturbed until the two layers separate again. Pour the entire contents of the two-liter bottle into a sealable plastic baggie, and seal it shut.
Hold it by one of the top corners so that a bottom corner is facing down. Let the layers separate again if necessary. Let the cough syrup layer drain into the clean two-liter bottle, but pinch it shut right before any of the lighter fluid drains out. Discard the lighter fluid by placing it into an empty container and letting it evaporate outdoors. Do not put it down the drain or set it on fire. That's it You can repeat the italicized steps if you want to remove even more.
Add one tablespoon 15ml of sodium hydroxide solution to the two-liter bottle. You should see a rapid formation of a milky precipitate. Swirl the bottle gently to mix the syrup evenly, and the precipitate should redissolve because there's not enough base yet.
Repeat the above step, until the precipitate doesn't redissolve with swirling. The entire solution should be cloudy stir well to make sure the base is evenly distributed. Add one more tablespoon 15ml of sodium hydroxide solution to the bottle.
Cap the bottle, shake the hell out of it for five minutes, and let it stand until the layers. If the layers don't want to separate, try adding table salt.
Carefully pour the contents of the bottle into the sealable plastic bag, and close it shut "yellow and blue make green-it's sealed! Hold the bag by one of the top corners so that one of the bottom corners points down. Let the two layers separate again this should only take a few seconds. Cut off the tip of the bottom corner and allow the water layer the bottom layer to drain out of the bag.
When the water layer has drained out, pinch the bag shut. Hold the bag over the baking dish, and allow the nonpolar solvent layer to drain out into the baking dish. Take the baking dish outdoors.
At this point, if you don't have a gas mask and a way to heat the baking dish, you'll have to let the solvent evaporate which may take a day or so , so skip the next 4 steps. Use the siphon again, we recommend being conservative and not letting any solvent get into the siphon at all, so we left a little water layer.
Or use a new plastic storage bag, and this time keep the water layer and discard the organic layer. Be friendly to the environment and let it evaporate outside; don't just pour it down the drain. Boil the lemon juice for a few minutes we did for seven , the theory is that if a little bit of the organic solvent is there, it will boil away.
Drink the Agent Lemon. We have not deterimined the best method, we think you could mix it with something, or maybe drink it straight. It tastes really bitter that's the DXM. Results: Note: This was a previous trial with 4 oz. This may give an inferior product. One of us I. Since I am a kg. I thinned the material from about 1 fl.
I consumed the material at approximately in the afternoon. The extracted product seemed to have a washed-out lemon taste some flavor oil probably went into the organic phase. There was a bitter taste which I believe is DXM. I tasted very carefully!
After about 15 minutes while the other investigators smoked a bong I noticed significant pharmacological effects. At about I was experiencing effects consistent with a dose of about 3.
At about this time, I took a couple of small bong hits myself, which produced instant second plateau effects. This backs up my assay of the dosage. At this time I am still experiencing light effects. The new citric acid product now sits in Mr. Barris's refrigerator. We plan to test it soon possibly this weekend, Mar. The Department of Dirty Deeds is an equal opportunity employer.
Let it stand or centrifuge it , and filter. The very fine powder that hopefully was caught by the filter paper is the DXM free base.
I still haven't had a chance to find out much more about extraction in the presence of other active ingredients I work 60 hours a week. Here is what I've found so far. However, I wouldn't bet my life on it, and if you try this without some means of testing for acetaminophen in the final product, that's exactly what you will be doing. If you want to try this out, find yourself a lab that can test for acetaminophen and do some research.
It may be possible to test for acetaminophen, then again this test may not be effective. See Section The theory is that if you take your product dissolved in water and chill it to near freezing, the acetaminophen will become insoluble, and you can filter it out.
If you want to try this, do it with the end product of the Agent Lemon process; chilling cough syrup will leave you with a thick goo that isn't easily filtered.
Again, let me emphasize: go ahead and try this if you have access to a lab that can test for acetaminophen; otherwise, don't risk liver damage or death. It's relatively easy to get cough syrups without acetaminophen anyway.
The Agent Lemon process is recommended. The only easy method for isolating these from the DXM that I can think of would be differential solubility. The basic principle behind differential solubility is that different chemicals are soluble in different solvents.
This information is from the Merck Index; I'm trying to fill in the unknowns from other sources. In particular, I'm fairly certain that DXM free base is soluble in ether, and that d-pseudoephedrine HCl is insoluble in ether. Note: I know, I had this backwards before due to a typo. As you can see, DXM and pseudoephedrine pretty much behave alike in solvents. This is the problem. If anyone can come up with a solution, feel free to make suggestions.
Based on the suggestion of one reader, it appears that a fairly simple test will detect acetaminophen, at least in neutral, aqueous solutions. I have briefly verified this, but not in detail, and I haven't checked to see if the results are backed up by a lab.
Acetaminophen turns a purplish-brown color on reaction with sodium hydroxide NaOH. This is a fairly rapid reaction, which you can try out yourself by dissolving an acetaminophen tablet in water and adding some of this solution to a sodium hydroxide solution.
It does not appear that ammonia will work instead of sodium hydroxide. However, since you aren't going to be ingesting the final product, feel free to use lye instead of reagent grade sodium hydroxide. So let's say you have a solution which you think may contain acetaminophen. Call it Solution A. Prepare a concentrated sodium hydroxide solution Solution B by dissolving as much sodium hydroxide as you can in a small amount say, 50 mL of water.
Be careful and wear your safety glasses! Now, take a dropper, and add a little bit of Solution A into Solution B. If you see a purple or brown color form, you can bet that there's acetaminophen in your Solution A. The problem is, if you don't see any color, that doesn't necessarily mean the acetaminophen or some byproduct of it from the extraction isn't there.
Now, it may be that this is an effective test for detecting the presence and absence of acetaminophen, but I'm not sure yet. So consider this a point for further research, and nothing more. The DXM you extracted is in free base form, so it is theoretically possible to smoke it using a vaporization pipe.
This is, however, a difficult task; if you overheat it, it starts to smell like burning plastic, and in any case it's very harsh. Some have suggested that it's actually the small amounts of flavoring and possibly thickening agents left over from the extraction that are causing the problem; to my knowledge, though, even pure DXM is hard to smoke because of its high vaporization point. One person reported that he was able to smoke freebase dextrorphan but not DXM, as the former would vaporize at a reasonable temperature while the latter would not.
Another person reported one successful attempt at freebasing DXM, but said his lungs immediately began to hurt intensely and his breathing passages swelled to the point that he had to use an asthma inhaler and antihistamines. Generally, the consensus is that smoking DXM just isn't worth the trouble.
You can also dissolve it in alcohol, or load it into a capsule, and swallow it. In an ideal world, the hydrochloric acid in your stomach would react with the DXM to form DXM hydrochloride, which could then be absorbed. Unfortunately, we don't live in an ideal world, so it might be a good idea to form an acid salt with citric acid or use the Agent Lemon process.
The other option is to eat food with the DXM to increase both stomach acid production and lipid transport. Please see note below. Incidentally, DXM itself tastes really nasty. Or, you can use the free base DXM for further syntheses - see Section This section will be completed when translations of the original papers are completed.
All chemical processes in this section require pure DXM. If you do not have pure DXM, you must extract from cough formulae as above and purify it really well. Most of these processes require significant skill, and access to lab equipment and chemicals. To my knowledge none of this is illegal but don't take my word on it. Don't fret if your yields aren't as good as specified.
Most of the procedures are from the same source In fact, it's often accidental in the isolation of pure DXM. Any excess of acid HCl or HBr should produce dextrorphan.
The full text of this reference can currently be found at : Pubs. According to one user, DXO can be freebased at C pers. Unfortunately, as someone wish I remembered who!
You'd basically have to get the cross bridge to flip around if you could do this, the hydrogens would probably conform as desired. Good luck! Personally, I don't think it can be done, at least not easily.
By the time you got the lab and chemicals to do it, it'd probably be easier just to make methylfentanyl from scratch. If you do figure out a way to do it, please don't tell anyone; nothing would bring the DEA into this faster than someone making an opiate out of DXM.
You don't need to tell me either, since I don't consider opiates to be much fun. Oh, and if the isomer fairy does show up, you might as well ask her to make you some methamphetamine from Vicks Nasal Inhalers TM. A few of these actually show interesting binding and anticonvulsant activity. Table 4, on the following page, lists the analogs, their binding, and their anticonvulsant activity in rats. All data on 3-substituted analogs comes from Incidentally, this article is marked as "not subject to US Copyright"; therefore I've quoted large sections from it.
Sample size was 10 rats. Some comments on the table. We agitate the mixture, then immediately add our non-polar solvent Naphtha to the mix and agitate. Let settle. Since the DXM is now in the non-polar Naphtha, we titrate the bottom red layer away and keep the clear naphtha. Next we add our lemon juice to the naphtha, agitate, and let separate. This time, however, we keep the bottom layer- That's the lemon juice that just pulled our DXM out of the Naphtha by turning it into a salt.
There we are, Agent Lemon. Calculate your required dosage with a DXM dosage calculator and determine the amounts of materials needed. If using citric acid, prepare a solution in water ahead of time. For each bottle of tussin, use 1. If using lighter fluid, be sure it evaporates without residue.
After separation. The top layer is the naptha layer, the bottom is waste ammonia and cough syrup.
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