The region where two plates come in contact is a plate boundary, and the way in which one plate moves relative to another determines the type of boundary:. Most strong earthquakes occur in subduction zones where an ocean plate slides under a continental plate or another younger ocean plate. All earthquakes do not cause tsunamis.
There are four conditions necessary for an earthquake to cause a tsunami:. Although relatively infrequent, violent volcanic eruptions represent also impulsive disturbances, which can displace a great volume of water and generate extremely destructive tsunami waves in the immediate source area. One of the largest and most destructive tsunamis ever recorded was generated in August 26, after the explosion and collapse of the volcano of Krakatoa Krakatau , in Indonesia.
This explosion generated waves that reached feet, destroyed coastal towns and villages along the Sunda Strait in both the islands of Java and Sumatra, killing 36, people. Tsunamis caused by extraterrestrial collision i. Scientists have calculated that if a moderately large asteroid, km in diameter, should strike the middle of the large ocean basin such as the Atlantic Ocean, it would produce a tsunami that would travel all the way to the Appalachian Mountains in the upper two-thirds of the United States.
On both sides of the Atlantic, coastal cities would be washed out by such a tsunami. An asteroid kilometers in diameter impacting between the Hawaiian Islands and the West Coast of North America, would produce a tsunami that would wash out the coastal cities on the West coasts of Canada, the U. The translations provided are automated by Google Translate and therefore may not be accurate. IOTIC will not be responsible for the discrepancies of the translated version of the website.
You are here:. What Causes Tsunami. Facebook Youtube Twitter Instagram. Tsunami Service Providers. Tsunami Information Centres. Tsunami on the Move. Warning Signs. Could a large tsunami happen in the United States? Large tsunamis have occurred in the United States and will undoubtedly occur again. Significant earthquakes around the Pacific rim have generated tsunamis that struck Hawaii, Alaska, and the U.
One of the largest and most devastating tsunamis that Hawaii has experienced was in from an earthquake along the Aleutian subduction Filter Total Items: 9. Year Published: Reducing risk where tectonic plates collide—U. Geological Survey subduction zone science plan The U. Gomberg, Joan S. View Citation. Gomberg, J. Geological Survey subduction zone science plan: U.
Geological Survey Circular , 45 p. Geological Survey Fact Sheet —, 4 p. Jones, Jamie L. Attribution: Western Geographic Science Center. Jones, J. Geological Survey Scientific Investigation Report —, 32 p. Year Published: Community exposure to tsunami hazards in California Evidence of past events and modeling of potential events suggest that tsunamis are significant threats to low-lying communities on the California coast. Wood, Nathan J. Year Published: Tsunami hazards to U.
Ryan, Holly F. Tsunami hazards to U. Year Published: Variations in Community Exposure and Sensitivity to Tsunami Hazards on the Open-Ocean and Strait of Juan de Fuca Coasts of Washington Evidence of past events and modeling of potential future events suggest that tsunamis are significant threats to communities on the open-ocean and Strait of Juan de Fuca coasts of Washington.
Year Published: Tsunami hazards— A national threat In December , when a tsunami killed more than , people in 11 countries around the Indian Ocean, the United States was reminded of its own tsunami risks. Year Published: Tsunamis — Scourge of the Pacific Although tsunamis occur most often in the Pacific Ocean, they can be generated by major earthquakes in other areas. Lockridge, Patricia. Filter Total Items: 6. Date published: March 5, Date published: February 1, Date published: September 18, Attribution: Science Application for Risk Reduction.
Date published: August 20, Date published: September 5, Date published: March 17, Filter Total Items: List Grid. April 10, Tsunami-evacuation sign in the city of Nehalem, Oregon. January 26, Attribution: Natural Hazards. November 28, Southeast Asia in May This wild African cat has adapted to life in a big city.
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